The Study of Poetry by Mathew Arnold

The Study of Poetry" is an essay written by Matthew Arnold, a renowned 19th-century English poet and critic. This essay was first published in 1880 as the introduction to a collection of poems by various authors, titled "The English Poets."

In this essay, Arnold discusses several key points regarding the study of poetry:

1. **Definition of Poetry**: Arnold defines poetry as "a criticism of life." He believes that poetry should not just entertain but also provide insight into the human condition, addressing the fundamental questions and concerns of humanity.

2. **Functions of Poetry**: Arnold argues that poetry has three main functions:

   - To give pleasure: Poetry should be aesthetically pleasing and enjoyable to read.

   - To convey thoughts and ideas: Poetry should communicate intellectual and emotional content.

   - To provide moral and spiritual guidance: Poetry should offer moral and spiritual guidance by encouraging readers to contemplate deeper truths.

3. **Critical Approach**: Arnold emphasizes the importance of a critical approach to poetry. He believes that readers should evaluate poetry based on its aesthetic and moral qualities rather than mere personal taste.

4. **Culture**: Arnold stresses the role of poetry in cultivating culture and refining the mind. He believes that poetry has the power to elevate and educate society, providing a sense of unity and cohesion.

5. **The Best Poetry**: According to Arnold, the best poetry is characterized by "high seriousness." He values poetry that addresses important and timeless themes with depth and sincerity.

Arnold's essay reflects the Victorian era's concern with moral and cultural values and the role of literature, particularly poetry, in shaping and preserving those values. It's important to note that Arnold's views on poetry were influential in his time and have had a lasting impact on literary criticism.