Lit.Guruji

  The Second Coming -          W.B. Yeats The second Coming is a visionary poem written by W.B. Yeats in the year 1920. The poem was inspired by the wide – spread murder and blood shed in Ireland and the great war of 1914 – 1919. The title of this poem suggests the second coming of Christ. During the 20 th century people believed in the destruction of the universe and the second coming. In the first stanza Yeats uses a gyre image to show how civilizations come and go. The image of the falcon and the falconer show how man has lost control over immoral passions. The spirit and mind can no longer control the flesh. The forces of this order and anarchy do not obey the voice of the falconer. The anarchy that is loosed upon the world causes are innocent life to be drowned in a blood – dimmed tide. The center can no longer hold its power over the course of civilization. All these are the signs of second coming. The terrible events marked by great violence anticipate the birth of a ne

  Anthem for Doomed Youth -        Wilfred Owen Anthem for Doomed Youth was one of Owen’s most famous poem written in 1917. This poem addresses million dead and people who are about to die. It is written in a sonnet form. This poem is a lamentation for Youngman illustrated as “cattle in the war”.                  This poem is in the form of questions and answers. What buried ceremonies are appropriate for those who die in the war. The answer is that the sands of battle are the appropriate form of mourning. They function as the worthless lament. The brutality of war seems to deny Christian ritual – the pastor “Hasty Orisons” of church prayers are a greater mockery of the sacrifice the soldier makes than the sound of the guns.             Thus, each musical part of a funeral or memorial service is replaced by booming guns, for bells, repeated rifle shots of mechanically uttered prayers, wailing shells for choirs. But there is a lamentation in the fact that they are buried far fr

  The Last Leaf -        O Henry The Last Leaf is a short story written by O.Henry. This story depicts the life of an uncouth artisan who saved the life of an artist, at peril to himself, making a masterpiece. Sue and Johnsy were artists and both lived in a colony in the old Greenwich Village. They started a Joint Studio at the top of a squatty three storey brick building. There was an outbreak of pneumonia in November. Scores of artists fell victims to its icy fingers. Soon Johnsy was affected by Pneumonia. She lay tired peeping through the small window panes at the blank sides of the next brick house. One morning the doctor told Sue that there was no chance for Johnsy to live. He felt that she might be longing for something. Sue told that Johnsy had no other desire except to paint. The doctor said she might be counting the days for her death. When Sue entered the room Johnsy was counting backwards seriously looking through the window. She explained that for the past three day

  The Snake -           D.H Lawrence The Snake is one of the finest poems written by D.H Lawrence. He records in his poems the creative meeting between poet and phenomena. The poem showcases the struggle between the two selves of the speaker. The voice of education, the voice of civilization mocks at the voice of the spontaneous self. The poem has several levels of meaning.           The poet celebrates the distinctive otherness of a creature so very different from man. As a separate self, as a different creation the snake is worthy of admiration and respect. The poet penetrates into the being of the snake to bring out its beauty. He shows the opposition between the speaker’s manhood his real 'I' other voices the 'spring from his educated self'. A snake comes to have a drink at the water trough on a hot Sicilian day. The speaker also needs a drink and comes down the steps with his pitcher since the snake has arrived there before him. The speaker respects the ri

  Shark -E.J. Pratt The ‘Shark’ is a poem written by the Canadian Poet E.J.Pratt. He is a confederation poet. E.J Pratt claims that ‘a poem can be written only by someone who knows how to write'. His poem is filled with images and history. The poem ‘Shark’ gives us a vivid picture of the shark. In this poem a shark swims leisurely, without stirring a bubble. This killer fish seems to know the  harbor as he is familiar with the sea. The poet compares its fin to a piece of sheet; iron which is three   cornered and sharp-edged like a knife. The shape of the shark is too strange, and the body is tubular and tapered. The color of the shark is smoke blue. When he passed the landing stage, he turns and snaps at a dead flat fish which is floating on the water. When it opens its mouth, the poet sees the white throat and a double row of white teeth. This fish has metallic grey eyes which are narrow, hard and slit. After having its prey, it swims out of the harbor in the same way as h

  Summary of the novel The Skin of a Lion - Michael Ondaatje. The Skin of a Lion is a novel written by the Canadian – Sri Lankan writer, Michael Ondaatje. This novel was published in the year 1987 by McClelland and Stewart. Patrick Lewis is the protagonist of this novel. The story revolves around the hometown of Patrick, Toronto, Canada in the 1920s. This novel explores the lives of the immigrants in the city of Toronto. Patrick lives along with his father at Deep Creek, Canada. His father Hazen is a dynamiter and does various jobs in the farm. Patrick is a keen onlooker of nature and a listener. He watches the hard labor of loggers and hears to the flapping sound of the bugs during his childhood stage. Patrick observes his father’s job from a distance, like a kid. He acquires the skill of his father succeeding through his child – like learning. In the chapter The Bridge , a building work is carried out at the center of the city, Toronto. One night a group of nuns enter this

Intonation Intonation means using a tone while speaking. The use of proper tone is important in our day – to – day communication. If a proper tone is not used the listener may misunderstand us. The two important tones are Falling Tone and Rising Tone . Falling tone is marked by down arrow and Rising tone is marked by up arrow as seen in the diagram. Intonation Patterns 1 .Falling tones are used in ordinary statements Eg . Kamala is a dancer. My Brother is a lawyer. Sona is a pretty girl. Our college starts at 10. Mala is a singer. 2 . Wh-questions ( who, when, where, how, etc ) are falling tone. Eg . What are you doing? When will the school start? Who is your class teacher? What is your name? When are you going to London? 3 . Commands are uttered with a falling tone. Eg . Shoot a sight. Do not bear False witness. Follow me. Be mute. 4. Exclamation are spoken with a falling tone: Eg . What a lovely scene! Alas! O Lor